Unable to install any Ruby versions after updating to macOS 12.6 on Apple Silicon

I updated to macOS 12.6 on 3 of my Macs: 2 of them Intel, and one of them Apple Silicon (M1 MacBook Air, 2020).

I am able to install Ruby 2.7.6 and 3.1.2 with ruby-install on the Intel machines, but I can't anymore on the M1 Air. It fails with ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64. Here is an excerpt from the end:

linking shared-object -test-/arith_seq/extract.bundle
Undefined symbols for architecture arm64:
  "_rb_arithmetic_sequence_extract", referenced from:
      _arith_seq_s_extract in extract.o
  "_rb_ary_new_capa", referenced from:
      _arith_seq_s_extract in extract.o
  "_rb_ary_store", referenced from:
      _arith_seq_s_extract in extract.o
  "_rb_define_singleton_method", referenced from:
      _Init_extract in extract.o
  "_rb_path2class", referenced from:
      _Init_extract in extract.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[2]: *** [../../../../.ext/arm64-darwin21/-test-/arith_seq/extract.bundle] Error 1
make[1]: *** [ext/-test-/arith_seq/extract/all] Error 2
make: *** [build-ext] Error 2
!!! Compiling ruby 3.1.2 failed!

I've also attached the full log.

So then I tried compiling Ruby manually, and it failed after the first make with the same error:

brew install wget
cd ~/src
wget https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/3.1/ruby-3.1.2.tar.xz
tar -xzvf ruby-3.1.2.tar.xz
cd ruby-3.1.2
./configure --with-opt-dir="$(brew --prefix openssl@1.1):$(brew --prefix readline):$(brew --prefix libyaml):$(brew --prefix gdbm)"
make

I even reset my entire dev setup (uninstalled Homebrew, removed the command line tools, removed all Ruby-related folders, etc.), and reinstalled everything from scratch.

So then I tried rbenv, and it worked just fine. Any ideas what rbenv/ruby-build might be doing differently?

Could it be something with the ./configure options?

So then I tried installing 2.6.10 on my Intel machines, and it failed on my iMac with ruby-install, but it worked with rbenv. However, it failed with rbenv on Apple Silicon. To make things more confusing, it worked on my Intel MacBook Air with both ruby-install and rbenv! The difference is that the iMac used to be on macOS 12.5.1, and the Intel Air was upgraded to Monterey from Big Sur.

I know this used to work before, so something must have changed with macOS 12.6.

Interestingly, 2.6.9 works on the Intel iMac (the one where 2.6.10 failed) with ruby-install.

Any ideas?

ruby-install-failure.txt

The other difference between the iMac and Intel MacBook Air is that the Air had a clean dev setup, but not the iMac. I will try resetting the iMac later and report back.

I did some more research and found the exact same error with arith_seq in this Ruby bug report:

https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18912

They ran into it with macOS 13 Ventura Beta, which was using Xcode 14 Beta. And now macOS 12.6 uses Xcode 14 as well, which is why we're seeing this issue now.

In the Ruby bug report, they say the fix is to add these configuration flags: --with-out-ext=+,bigdecimal --enable-shared. While comparing the output between rbenv and ruby-install, I had noticed that rbenv was setting enabled shared to yes, but ruby-install was not. So that gave me hope.

I tried to compile Ruby manually again with these new flags, but it still didn't work. Then I realized that maybe the first flag wasn't supposed to be used as written in the bug report, but maybe as two separate flags: --with-out-ext=+ --with-out-ext=bigdecimal. And that worked!

Here is the whole configuration I used:

./configure --with-opt-dir="$(brew --prefix openssl@1.1):$(brew --prefix readline):$(brew --prefix libyaml):$(brew --prefix gdbm)" --with-out-ext=+ --with-out-ext=bigdecimal --enable-shared --prefix=/U
sers/moncef/.rubies/ruby-3.1.2

So then I tried using those flags with ruby-install:

ruby-install 3.1.2 -- --with-out-ext=+ --with-out-ext=bigdecimal --enable-shared

And it worked!

🎉

Looks like this is not needed: --with-out-ext=+, so it's just:

ruby-install 3.1.2 -- --with-out-ext=bigdecimal --enable-shared

Note that this only works for 2.7.x and above. I was not able to install 2.6.9 or 2.6.10 with these flags.

While that works in terms of installing Ruby, it breaks Rails apps because they need bigdecimal, so I guess it's back to square one.

Aha! It looks like the --enable-shared flag is all that is needed.

Here's a more detailed blog post for anyone running into this: https://www.rubyonmac.dev/how-to-install-ruby-on-macos-12-6-apple-silicon/

Also, I'll note that I was able to install 3.2.0-preview2 without having to add any special flags, so it looks like this issue is resolved upstream. Hopefully, they will port it back to 2.7.7.

@monfresh

@monfresh this patch back ports the fix. ruby/ruby#6440 I expect it will be merged soon.

@havenwood

@havenwood Thanks for the update! Do you know if it will be backported to 2.7 as well, or just 3.1?

ruby/ruby#6440 is different changesets from 3.2.0-preview2. We already merged patch same as preview2 to 2.7 to 3.1 branches. ruby/ruby#6440 is the additional fix for Ventura and Xcode14.

We have a plan to merge them to 2.7-3.1 and release a new stable versions.

@monfresh

🙏🏻 Thx a ton @monfresh for troubleshooting this issue.
Really helpful.

@hsbt

@hsbt I hope so. Some of us are forced to support Ruby at work as old as 2.4 because it's in production. On the plus side, it's not like the 1.8.7 forks that lived on forever. :) At home, it's nice to have the luxuries of 3.1 to HEAD mjit and rbs.

@steakknife I find that first statement fascinating. Are you saying that because an app is using a particular version of Ruby in production, you're stuck using that version forever? What is preventing you from updating to newer Ruby versions?

I'm having this issue on MBP M1 running MacOS 13.0.1 and can't install Ruby 2.6.10 with any of the solutions here. Any ideas?

ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[2]: *** [../../.ext/arm64-darwin22/strscan.bundle] Error 1
make[1]: *** [ext/strscan/all] Error 2
make: *** [build-ext] Error 2

GEM ENV

gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 3.3.26
  - RUBY VERSION: 3.1.3 (2022-11-24 patchlevel 185) [arm64-darwin22]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/lance/.gem/ruby/3.1.3
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/lance/.gem/ruby/3.1.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/lance/.rubies/ruby-3.1.3/bin/ruby
  - GIT EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/git
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/lance/.gem/ruby/3.1.3/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/lance/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Users/lance/.rubies/ruby-3.1.3/etc
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
     - ruby
     - arm64-darwin-22
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/lance/.gem/ruby/3.1.3
     - /Users/lance/.rubies/ruby-3.1.3/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => true
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/lance/.gem/ruby/3.1.3/bin
     - /Users/lance/.rubies/ruby-3.1.3/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/bin
     - /Users/lance/.rubies/ruby-3.1.3/bin
     - /opt/homebrew/bin
     - /opt/homebrew/sbin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /System/Cryptexes/App/usr/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin

@lacostenycoder

Hi @lacostenycoder. That is a known issue with v14+ of Apple's command line tools. I wrote an article that goes over all the possible solutions: https://www.rubyonmac.dev/how-to-install-ruby-2-6-on-macos-13-ventura

@monfresh

I just ran into this same issue trying to install 3.1.2 with OS 12.6.3 on M1. I had ruby 3.1.3 installed already, but was unable to compile 3.1.2 using ruby-install or make

ruby-install 3.1.2 -- --enable-shared worked fine. 🙏

Also hey @monfresh :D 👋

@yuletide

Hey @yuletide! I'm glad it worked, but I'm curious why you needed to install 3.1.2 instead of updating your project to 3.1.3.

@monfresh

@monfresh Client work... they were already all setup using 3.1.2.

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Unable to install any Ruby versions after updating to macOS 12.6 on Apple Silicon #430

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Unable to install any Ruby versions after updating to macOS 12.6 on Apple Silicon #430

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monfresh commented on Sep 15, 2022

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monfresh commented on Oct 25, 2022

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